A measure of an option’s sensitivity to changes in implied volatility.

The annual income from an investment divided by its original purchase price.

A period of sustained increases in asset prices, often rapid.

A high-frequency strategy seeking profit from small price movements, often executing multiple trades within minutes.

The Volatility Index measuring expected 30-day market volatility of the S&P 500, known as the ‘Fear Gauge’.

An options contract that expires on the same day it is traded, used for ultra-short-term speculation.

Measures the sensitivity of an option’s price to changes in interest rates.

Spain 35, or IBEX 35, is Spain’s benchmark index tracking the 35 most liquid Spanish companies.

The total number of shares or contracts traded over a specific period.

Return on Capital Employed — measures profitability and capital efficiency.