A prolonged decline in economic activity, typically marked by falling GDP and rising unemployment.

Shares represent ownership in a company, giving investors rights to profits, dividends, and a claim on company assets.

A metric estimating the maximum expected loss of a portfolio over a specified period at a given confidence level.

The income earned from an investment, expressed as a percentage.

A Recognised Investment Exchange or Recognised Clearing House.

Means the sale of a security by a person who does not own it at the time of entering into the contract.

Expenses that fluctuate based on trading activity, such as transaction fees and commissions.

A graph showing interest rates across different bond maturities.

Identifying and managing potential investment downsides.

A strategy aiming to capture short- to medium-term price movements by holding assets for days to weeks.