Low-risk bonds with high confidence of meeting interest and principal payments (rated AAA to BBB).

A liquidity trap occurs when low interest rates fail to stimulate borrowing or spending, limiting monetary policy effectiveness.

A strategy to protect investments from potential market losses while maintaining growth opportunities.

Organizations that create and maintain financial indices, guiding passive investment products.

A long position is when a trader buys an asset expecting its price to rise, reflecting a bullish outlook.

An extremely rapid rise in prices that erodes purchasing power.

The date when a fund, security, or investment product was first launched.

A long squeeze occurs when falling prices force long holders to sell, amplifying downward pressure—especially risky for leveraged traders.

A stable and widely accepted currency, typically from economically strong nations.

An options term indicating intrinsic value—call options above strike price, put options below.